<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=38&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CCreator" accessDate="2026-08-19T04:07:33-07:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>38</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>2888</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="3920" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3892">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/e844b861cc268758789833e0a2154fe6.jpg</src>
        <authentication>bcc3a6dd17da81f98099f91adbbb1c6a</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87138">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87140">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87119">
                <text>1007-04-02-005</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87120">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 5</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87121">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. to Sir (150 newspaper editors), 1908-03-20.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87122">
                <text>American Bison Society</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87123">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87124">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87125">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87126">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87127">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87128">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87129">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87130">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87131">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87132">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87133">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87134">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87135">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87136">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87137">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87139">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3921" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3893">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/f94ab21d169170efb4d65d9b142c9346.jpg</src>
        <authentication>d26146d8e14b9637451749702f474b81</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87161">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87163">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87141">
                <text>1007-04-02-006</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87142">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 6</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87143">
                <text>Saving the bison. 1908. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87144">
                <text> A buffalo preserve. Daily People, 1908-03-23. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87145">
                <text> Saving the bison. New York Post, 1908.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87146">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87147">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87148">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87149">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87150">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87151">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87152">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87153">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87154">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87155">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87156">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87157">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87158">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87159">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87160">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87162">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3922" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3894">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/f48cea081dfaf6d6abc67c74d51aefcc.jpg</src>
        <authentication>4cfc8dd43a7390288511df194a91304e</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87187">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87189">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87164">
                <text>1007-04-02-007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87165">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 7</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87166">
                <text>Scrapbook page annotated.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87167">
                <text>Saving the bison. New York Evening Post. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87168">
                <text> Plans great park to save the bison. New York Herald, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87169">
                <text> Gur Rettung des Bisons. Buffalo Freie Presse, 1908-03-24. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87170">
                <text> Preserving the "bison." Kansas City Journal.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87171">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87172">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87173">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87174">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87175">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87176">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87177">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87178">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87179">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87180">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87181">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87182">
                <text>eng </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87183">
                <text> ger</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87184">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87185">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87186">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87188">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3923" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3895">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/988801f80f74dfb256970cc8345cbd09.jpg</src>
        <authentication>3d8ac1b5a3fb8247b36f3bdddf5d2fac</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87214">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87216">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87190">
                <text>1007-04-02-008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87191">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 8</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87192">
                <text>Preserving the "bison." Kansas City Journal. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87193">
                <text> Wants national herd of bison. Evening Telegram (New York, N.Y.), 1908-03-26. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87194">
                <text> Saving the bison. Minneapolis Journal, 1908-03-23. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87195">
                <text> American Bison Society to ask congress' aid. Buffalo News, 1908-03-25. New York news notes. Philadelphia Public Ledger, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87196">
                <text> Proposes big range for bison. Pittsburgh Gazette, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87197">
                <text> Revive bison race. Pittsburgh Dispatch, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87198">
                <text> Untitled clipping beginning: President Roosevelt has under consideration. Army and Navy Journal, 1908-03-21.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87199">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87200">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87201">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87202">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87203">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87204">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87205">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87206">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87207">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87208">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87209">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87210">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87211">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87212">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87213">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87215">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3924" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3896">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/19dae04376a570c176c767d7996f5eac.jpg</src>
        <authentication>2d9627b82cf560679ac5335e99f6de36</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87236">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87238">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87217">
                <text>1007-04-02-009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87218">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 9</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87219">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. to Boise Penrose, 1908-03-30. Annotated.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87220">
                <text>American Bison Society</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87221">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87222">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87223">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87224">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87225">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87226">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87227">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87228">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87229">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87230">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87231">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87232">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87233">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87234">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87235">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87237">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3925" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3897">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/7317f3d5caeecd04d8d6c85a300a7280.jpg</src>
        <authentication>775b76b25af14f740e9b0ff796b0b166</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87257">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87259">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87239">
                <text>1007-04-02-010</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87240">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 10</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87241">
                <text>Buffalo range needed to perpetuate species. Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 1908-03-29.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87242">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87243">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87244">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87245">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87246">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87247">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87248">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87249">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87250">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87251">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87252">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87253">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87254">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87255">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87256">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87258">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3926" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3898">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/5f84d58a7cd74fa76120a9cdf9887929.jpg</src>
        <authentication>e768161797e7e63a1338e107af478b49</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87283">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87285">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87260">
                <text>1007-04-02-011</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87261">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 11</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87262">
                <text>Upper left corner of page missing, with loss of some text.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87263">
                <text>Range for the lordly buffalo. 1908-03-19. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87264">
                <text> Hornaday and the American bison. Buffalo Times, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87265">
                <text> Untitled clipping beginning: A bill was passed by the Senate. Philadelphia Inquirer, 1908-04-16. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87266">
                <text> Dr. Hornaday plans to save American bison. Daily North Side News, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87267">
                <text> Untitled clipping beginning: The annual report of the American Bison Society. Post Express, 1908-03-27. Annotated.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87268">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87269">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87270">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87271">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87272">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87273">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87274">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87275">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87276">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87277">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87278">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87279">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87280">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87281">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87282">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87284">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3927" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3899">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/34b867279b260b08bde47450e1494ecb.jpg</src>
        <authentication>bd8ea83d92aedf0ef217de36b6acd815</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87306">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87308">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87286">
                <text>1007-04-02-012</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87287">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 12</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87288">
                <text>Saving the bison. Fort Smith News Record, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87289">
                <text> Last of the bison. 1908-03-28. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87290">
                <text> Plan to save the bison. Pittsburgh Gazette Times, 1908-03-29.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87291">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87292">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87293">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87294">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87295">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87296">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87297">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87298">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87299">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87300">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87301">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87302">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87303">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87304">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87305">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87307">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3928" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3900">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/6455fc214f5585e25b65522d4df1585c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>4a369657428c1ab8f3acad0367913657</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87333">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87335">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87309">
                <text>1007-04-02-013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87310">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 13</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87311">
                <text>Upper left corner of page missing, with loss of some text.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87312">
                <text>American bison. Des Moines Register and Leader, 1908-03-24. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87313">
                <text> For a buffalo reserve. New Orleans Picayune, 1908-03-23. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87314">
                <text> To preserve the American bison. Buffalo Commercial, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87315">
                <text> Plans to save bison. Washington Post, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87316">
                <text> Montana range for bison. Kansas City Times, 1908-03-25. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87317">
                <text> Big range for buffalo herd. New York Times, 1908-04-16.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87318">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87319">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87320">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87321">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87322">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87323">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87324">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87325">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87326">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87327">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87328">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87329">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87330">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87331">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87332">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87334">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3929" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3901">
        <src>https://www.hornadayscrapbooks.com/files/original/8339a466e36699883190db00463c1bc4.jpg</src>
        <authentication>ab89abb8c9e70b20ad180489ffdba118</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1391">
                  <text>Volume 2: The Founding of Two National Bison Herds, 1906-1911 (bulk 1908)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2403">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;Bison once roamed North America in numbers greater than 20 million. However, by the late nineteenth century, the mass slaughter of bison with the settlement of the American West brought the species to the brink of extinction. In 1889, following upon his work with the US National Museum, William T. Hornaday published a stark portrait of the species’ destruction. Titled &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/theextermination17748gut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Extermination of the American Bison&lt;/a&gt;, Hornaday’s study posited that the American bison population had fallen as low as 1,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1905, Hornaday and others convened a group of diverse stakeholders at the Bronx Zoo in New York City and formed the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/saving-wildlife/hoofed-mammals/bison/the-american-bison-society.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Bison Society&lt;/a&gt; (ABS). With President Theodore Roosevelt as its honorary president, ABS set out to prevent the extinction of the American bison by establishing a number of small herds in widely separated parts of the country. The organization’s first success came in 1907 when it sent 15 bison donated by the New York Zoological Society by railway from the Bronx Zoo to Wichita National Forest and Game Preserve in Oklahoma to begin the work of restoring the Western Plains’ depleted bison population. In 1908, following successful petitioning by ABS, Congress passed a bill to establish a permanent national bison range in Montana with one contingency: ABS was required to raise $10,000 to secure a breeding population of bison for the new range.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Volume 2 documents these early events in ABS history, including the Society’s success in raising $10,560.50 for the Montana national herd. Although this is the only scrapbook concerning ABS activities in Hornaday’s Scrapbook Collection on the History of the Wild Life Protection and Extermination, the &lt;a href="http://www.wcs.org/library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Wildlife Conservation Society Archives&lt;/a&gt; holds many additional historical American Bison Society records.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2409">
                  <text>1007-04-02</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Wildlife Conservation Society</name>
      <description>Local metadata elements for the Wildlife Conservation Society</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Holding Institution</name>
          <description>Name of the institution which holds the analog material</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87356">
              <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="93">
          <name>Digitization Specifications</name>
          <description>Detailed information about how digitization was done</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87358">
              <text>Camera: Canon EOS 6D with EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM, Software: Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4, Master: 240 ppi 16-bit depth color TIFF</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87336">
                <text>1007-04-02-014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87337">
                <text>William T. Hornaday wildlife conservation scrapbook, volume 2, page 14</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="67">
            <name>Has Part</name>
            <description>A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87338">
                <text>Range for buffalo. Asbury Park Press, 1908-03-24. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87339">
                <text> Dr. Hornaday plans to save American bison. Daily North Side News, 1908-03-29. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87340">
                <text> Saving the bison. 1908-03-29.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87341">
                <text>Founding of two national bison herds. William T. Hornaday scrapbook collection on the history of wild life protection and extermination. Volume 2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87342">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87343">
                <text>1911</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87344">
                <text>Hornaday, William T. (William Temple), 1854-1937 </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87345">
                <text> American Bison Society--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87346">
                <text> New York Zoological Society </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87347">
                <text> National Bison Range (Mont.)--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87348">
                <text> Wildlife conservation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87349">
                <text> American bison--Conservation--Law and legislation--United States--History </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="87350">
                <text> Scrapbooks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87351">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87352">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87353">
                <text>Original item in WCS Archives Collection 1007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87354">
                <text>Wildlife Conservation Society Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87355">
                <text>This item may be protected by copyright. For rights and permissions, contact the Wildlife Conservation Society Archives, library@wcs.org</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87357">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
